Regulator for electric motors



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

A. GARTNER. REGULATOR FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS. S

No. 404,783. Patented June 4, 1889.

WITNESSES: INVENTOFR 4%. W (196 7611 Gav km):

BY ATTY'S.

N, PEYERS. Pncwumu n w, Wacbinglan, u. c.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Shem; 2.

A. GARTNER. REGULATOR FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS.

No. 404,783. Patented June 4, 1889.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR:

KJLWM 4/. (lyl ed Gunmen N. PETERS. mmmmnwm. Wufingkm, D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALFRED GARTNER, OF NElVARK, NElV JERSEY.

REGULATOR FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS.

" SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 404,783, dated June4, 1889.

Application filed June '7, 1888. Eerial No. 276,371. (No model.)

To aZZ 1072 0712, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALFRED GARTNER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Regulating Apparatus forElectric Motors, &c.; and I do hereby declare the following to be a.full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and toletters of reference marked thereomwhieh form a part of thisspecification.

This invention relates to that class of regulating, governing,orindieatin g devices which are based on the application of centrifugalforce as the controlling power, the objects of the invention being tosecure a more sensitive device adapted to accommodate itself morequickly to the changes of speed, &c.,in the governing, regulating, orspeed-indicating operations, to reduce the cost of construction, andalso to reduce the number of parts and joints, whereby the device isrendered more durable and more easily kept in repair.

The invention consists in the improved governing, regulating, orspeed-indicating device having the combinations and arrangements ofparts thereof substantially as will. be hereinafter set forth, andfinally embodied in the clauses of the claim.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which like letters indicatecorresponding parts in each of the several figures, Figure l is a frontelevation of my improved devieein connection with an electric motor, thesaid device serving as a speed-indicator only. Fig. 2 a similar viewshowing it in connection with a motor and serving as a governor andregulator. Fig. 3 is a detail view of the device as a speed-indicator,and Fig. a detail of the same as a governor or regulator. Fig. 5 is aface view of the governingspring, and Fig. (3 a detail view of agraduated shaft.

In said drawings, 0, indicates or represents a flexible strap or red,preferably flat, or approximately so, in cross-section, so that the samemay give readily under the influence of centrifugal force. Said flexiblestrap or red is bent or given a hoop shape, or is made to ap )roxi1natesuch a shape, so that the parts thereof may engage a revolving shaft torcceive the motion thereof, as hereinafter described, and the otherparts may lie at a distance from said shaft, and thus be brought morefully underthe influence of the centrifugal force. The said flexiblestrap or hoop a is fixed upon the rotary shaft (Z, or upon a collar orsleeve Z), moving therewith in any suitable manner, so that a movementwill be imparted to said hoop in a direction around a diametric linethereof, the said diametric line being the center line of the shaft (7,as will be understood upon reference to the drawings.

\Vhen the said device is employed as a speed-indicator in connectionwith an elec' tric motor, or is in any other way employed with anelectric machine, the said hoop is or may be insulated from the shaftwhere fixed thereon by means of an insulating-sleeve l), which may beinterposed between the collar or sleeve l) and the rod (7, as clearlyindicated in Fig. i. This said insulating-sleeve, which may be, andpreferably is, of hard rubber, may be fitted tightly in place, and thusserve as a packing or frictional means for holding the strap a andcollar Z) in a rigid or fixed relation to the shaft (7; but other meansmaybe employed to fix the collar 1) or the flexible strap to the rod.

The flexible hoop may, and preferably is, of one single piece offlexible metal; but it may be formed in two or more pieces-as, forexample, it may be of a continuous piece without open joints; but Iprefer to join or unite the two ends of a single strap either at thefixed collar or at a movable collar arranged at the opposite side of thehoop on the shaft (Z. The hoop or strap has resilient qualities adaptedto enable the same to re turn automatically to a normal position whenits movement around the diametrical center has terminated, theresilience of the metal tending to counteract the centrifugal forceimparted by its movement.

0 indicates the movable collar, to which the strap is secured at a pointthereon opposite that at which it is fixed to the shaft.

The sliding or movable collar, when the device is used upon an electricmachine, maybe insulated, as at c. The resilient hoop being fixed on theshaft, as described, is given a hoop and shaft d, as will be evident.

more or less rapid movement on its diametric axis by means of the shaftcl. The centrifugal force, exerted especially where said hoop liesdistant from said shaft, will tend to cause the parts of the hoopmovable with relation to the shaft to approach the parts diametricallyopposite fixed on said shaft, and this sliding movement of the hoop, ormovement longitudinal with respect tothe shaft, is depended on toactuate the governing or controlling mechanism, or the mechanism forindicating the rate of speed in connection with a suitable scale.

For purposes of convenience and simplicity of construction I prefer toform .the graduation-marks on the shaft d, substantially as indicated inFig. 6.

The shaft or spindle d, upon which the resilient strap revolves, may besecured on the shaft 8 of a motor or other mechanism in any suitablemanneras, for example, by employinga coupling g, with or withoutset-screws i i, the movement of the shaft e being transtrol-the speed ofan electric motor I provide a construction substantially as shown inFig. 2, in which it h are metallic straps connected with the positiveand negative poles of a battery, the positive pole being in electricalcon nection with the shaft (Z and the negative pole beingin electricalconnection with the collars b and c and hoop a, but insulated from thesaidshaft d. Upon'the shaft cl is an adjustable collar is, arrangedadjacent to the sliding collar 0,111 electrical connection. with saidshaft.

In operation, as the sliding collar is drawn toward the fixed one by theseparation of the outlying parts of the hoop, thesliding collarapproaches the adjustable collar, and upon the shaft or spindleattaining an undesirably rapid rate of speed a contact is made, and themotor is thuscut off from the battery, the current then passing throughthe collars and The speed of the motor is thus retarded, and as a resultthe resilience of the spring-hoop overcomes the centrifugal forceandcauses a separation of the collars c and k and breakage. of the directcircuit. When a greater centrifugal power is desired in connection withheavy machinery, I have provided for weighting the spring-strap a, asindicated in Figs. 3, 4, and 5. Iprefer to make the weights (indicatedat n n) adjustable, so as to provide for variations in temperatureandthe lengthening and shortening of the strap and the consequent slightdifferences in governing, controlling, or indicating effects. Byadjusting the weights at points nearer to or farther from the center ofmotion the centrifugal force will be diminished or increased, as willbeevident. To

this end the weights and hoop are constructed .able collar is pushed bythe" sliding collar,

and indicates on the scale or graduationmarks the number ofrevolutionsof theshaft, as will be understood, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 3.When-the spring relaxes, the adjust able sleeve or collar remains inposition to indicate the speed of the, motor when the said adjustablesleeve was last in engagement with the movable collar 0. Upon inspectionof Fig. 6 it will be observedthatthe graduation-marks vary in theirdistances from one another in accordance with the increasing resistanceof thespring. .When the adjustable collar 10 is employed as anindicator, the same may be provided with a pointer l, to more perfectlydisclose or indicate the mark which identifiesthe rate ofspeed.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new is- 1. In anelectrical speed-regulator, the combination of. a rotary shaft, aninsulated collar, conductors j j a hoop fixedto said insulated collarand moving longitudinally on said shaft under the influence ofcentrifugal force, and a contact bearing adapted to engage the hoop andcomplete an electrical cir cuit, substantially as and for the purposesset forth.

2. In an electrical speed-regulator, the combination of a shaft (1, aninsulated hoop a, and a collar 70, arranged on said shaft and adaptedto. transmit the current from the said hoop to the shaft, substantiallyas and for the purposes set forth.

3. In an electrical speed-regulator, the combination of aninsulating-sleeve 1), arranged on a rotary shaft (1, a collar 1),arranged on said sleeve, a hoop fixed to said collar and to a slidingcollar insulated, as at e, from said shaft, and a collar is, adapted tomake a contact with said sliding collar, and conductors j j, connectedwith the shaft and collar 17, respectively, said parts being arrangedand combined substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this23d day of May, 1888.

ALFRED GARTNER.

Witnesses:

CHARLES H. PELL, E, L. SHERMAN.

